Grinding a piece of jade into an object requires a series of processing procedures. There is a set of procedures in ancient China. The jade jade procedure of the Qing Dynasty has sand, grind, jade, shackles, smashing, honing, squatting, flowering, drilling, sapling, hibiscus, skin sputum, The process, reflecting the maturity of the Chinese jade process.
Modern, jade processing procedures are generally divided into four stages of material selection, design, honing and polishing. Each stage has certain content.
1, material selection
This is the first process, the purpose is to correctly and reasonably use jade raw materials, in order to achieve the best. There are many varieties of jade, and the change is large. Firstly, the type and quality of jade must be judged. It is mainly judged according to the indicators of texture, color, gloss, transparency, hardness, blockiness, shape, etc., so as to determine what products to make, and strive to make excellent materials. Use, reasonable use, if necessary, also carry out the review process of peeling, dirtying, cutting, etc., to "dug the dirty concealer", "quantity construction", to penetrate the jade material, to avoid or reduce the shortcomings of jade material. Material selection is a very important step. Experienced artists, with a pair of eye-catching eyes, can recognize the essence of jade, use precise and ingenious materials to make the product outstanding and fascinating.
For the selection of Hetian jade, the surface of the jade should be carefully observed. If the quality of the jade is good, the sex is small, the cleft and the sputum are small, and the color and the block size and shape can be determined. The square material is suitable for the shape of the vessel, and the triangular material is used for the shape of the vessel. Bird shape, strip shape for character modeling. If the jade has sex, sputum, and cleft palate, the epidermis at one end of the yin and yang face can be cut and observed to determine the selection. Materials with some shortcomings are in use as long as there is a good jade.
2, design
Jade products are not stereotyped products, each piece has its own design. The design work must be carried out throughout the jade production. The design is first of all the design. The design is based on the characteristics of the jade material, making the shape comfortable, smooth and popular. To this end, it must be played. The characteristics of the raw materials are combined with the beauty of the styling, highlighting the different characteristics of the material, such as texture, gloss, color, transparency and so on. The beauty of the texture, the play of the warmth of jade; color beauty, pay attention to the beauty of the theme. The design must start from the characteristics of jade material, and ensure that the process technology can be made, such as brittle material, not too exquisite, tough material, can be used for fine workmanship. The standard of modeling design is to clean the material, not only to dig dirty concealer, so that there is no serious dirt and sputum on the product; secondly, the material is reasonable, the most beautiful part of the jade material is placed in the most conspicuous position, and the maximum volume is occupied. The third is the construction of the material, according to the quality of the jade material, the most appropriate process; the fourth is the beautiful shape, the image is realistic, beautiful, vivid, interesting, the theme is prominent, the four lining is stable.
After the design is carefully considered, it is necessary to draw a drawing shape on the jade material. There are two processes of rough drawing and fine drawing. The rough drawing is to make the shape and the pattern on the jade before the production; the fine drawing is to make the detailed and detailed The requirements are drawn on the blank. If there is a change in the production process, the design should be modified at any time, and the designer and the producer should cooperate with each other to make the jade perfect.
The design of Hetian jade should be carefully designed according to jade and jade, and some pieces of jade can be designed into several products. There are small enamel and stone jade materials used in antique jade, the effect is very good. There are pretty jade materials in the shape of the use of pretty colors, the product is more interesting and interesting. White jade products pay attention to white and moist beauty, the styling surface needs to be round, mostly used for utensil shape, making ladies in the shape of characters, Buddha statues, symbolizing the moral beauty, the sapphire color is light, the thin tire shape can be used, the sapphire color is light, It can be used with a thin tire shape and a strong color to create a dynamic animal shape. Moyu is based on the whole ink, ink collection and dot ink. The whole ink is used for utensils, and the ink is used for pretty colors.
3, Saitama
After the design is completed, the producer uses the jade machine and tools, grinding powder, etc., to process the product into a product according to the design intention. The skills are ever-changing. In the final analysis, it is the smashing and grinding. The trick is to use the enamel, enamel, etc. to cut off the paint in the styling. The techniques are é“¡, 摽, æŠ , and stroke. Grinding is the use of smashing and honing, etc., to grind off the remaining material in the shape, there are different methods of rushing and rolling. After the basic modeling is completed, it is necessary to carry out the processes of hooking, withdrawing, smashing, and slamming. The hook is the hook line; the withdrawal is the smoothing line to remove the small residual material; the bottom is the clear bottom after the thickening; the top collision is to flatten the ground. In addition, there are also techniques such as stacking and rolling, which make the petals and the hem of the hem. The processes of punching, hollowing, and live ring are generally carried out together during honing. Saitama is a creative work belonging to the art category. The level of Saitama personnel is a key link. China's Saitama is known for its superb craftsmanship. As many scholars and artists in the world have said, jade and its stunts are the genius creation and outstanding contribution of the Chinese. Now China's jade carving factory has modern advanced equipment and skilled jade artist, creative labor in the production workshop, artists use their dexterous hands to produce beautiful jade.
Hetian jade has a high toughness. In the production of products, it is only possible to apply fine workmanship to make it conform, regular, neat and smooth. Fine work is a fine finishing technique that is difficult and an important symbol of fine jade. Hetian jade is used to make thin tires, which can better reflect the beauty of jade. The thin jade jade is an important variety of fine jade articles in China. Its production technology is mainly tandem and flower making, so that the shape is thin and uniform, the color is consistent, and the products are mainly utensils. In some jade articles, the gold-silver wire and the inlaid gems are also grooved, and the technique of pressing the wire is one of the most distinctive techniques. In addition, in the production, we must pay attention to the treatment of jade, and we must not waste precious jade because of jade.
4, polishing
Polishing is to grind the surface of the jade, making it smooth, bright and aesthetic. Polishing is first to rough grinding, that is, to remove the rough surface of the surface with a polishing tool, to grind the surface very fine; secondly, the cover is bright, that is, polished with polishing powder; again, cleaning, that is, cleaning the dirt on the product with a solution The last is oil and waxing to increase the brightness and finish of the product.
The polishing of Hetian jade is required to make the jade surface smooth, in order to reflect the beauty of jade, which is to suppress the jade. For example, if the antique jade is made, it is required to be finely glazed and polished, and the oil is waxed without illuminating to reflect the brightness of the ancient jade. After the above procedure, after the jade is made, it is also decorated with rich decorations to beautify and protect the jade and increase the value. The seat is the main decoration of jade, made of wood, stone, metal, etc. Its shape, height, thickness and shape carving should be based on the jade shape, making it seamless. It is used to place jade articles, which generally reflects the nobleness of jade articles and has special technical requirements to maintain the style of Chinese jealousy.
In short, a piece of jade made from the beginning of the selection of materials, to the loading of the cockroaches is all completed, condensing the efforts of the jade artist. A product, from a month to a few years, a little careless is the danger of damage, the jade artist has experienced the risk and struggling. Therefore, a jade is not only valuable, but the merits are more valuable.
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